Flavorful Kebabs, Aromatic Biryani and Much More: A Historic Indian City Secures a Place on Unesco Creative Cities List.

Aromatic rice dish being prepared using the time-honored Dum method
Biryani in Lucknow is cooked on a gentle, slow heat, with the vessel's cover securely sealed with dough.

Delectable kebabs, fragrant biryani, and fluffy, ethereal desserts.

The metropolis in India's north of Lucknow has consistently been a dream destination for epicures, with locals and visitors equally swearing by its remarkable cuisine.

A Global Honor

In a recent announcement, The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization honored it as a City of Gastronomy within its Creative Cities Network – placing it on a select group of international urban centers and sparking hopes that it will highlight Lucknow's peerless food. With this title, it joins a worldwide network of cities metropolises across over 100 countries committed to promoting "artistic expression as a key factor of city development that is sustainable".

The honor "demonstrates its deep-rooted gastronomic legacy and vibrant culinary scene," as stated by a spokesperson from UNESCO's regional bureau for South Asia.

Lucknow is only the second Indian city – after Hyderabad, which was picked in 2019 – to secure a position in this highly sought-after list of seventy urban centers internationally.

A City Defined by Food

The recognition for this historic city is no surprise to its locals or dedicated food lovers. Many agree with the sentiment that it is "an honor long overdue".

With the UNESCO recognition, this cherished, lively, and vibrant city – the administrative center of India's most populous state – is at last in the spotlight for what has always defined its heart: an unparalleled love for food.

"'The day's menu, the method of preparation' is a constant discussion from waking up until night in many homes," explains a local cultural expert. "And you are actually evaluated by the standard of food that emerges from your kitchen."
Succulent kebabs being served
Lucknow is famous for its melt-in-the-mouth kebabs.

An Imperial Food Tradition

The City of the Nawabs – as it's widely known after its 18th and 19th Century wealthy Muslim rulers – is famed for its tender kebabs and a unique take on biryani that were conceived, refined, and elevated to extraordinary levels in their opulent kitchens.

These royal kitchens were centers of culinary innovations, blending Persian and native Indian styles to create what became known as the cuisine of Awadh.

It was in this era that Lucknow's most famous kebabs were developed. Legend has it that the galouti kebab was devised to cater to an elderly nawab who had no longer had his teeth. His chefs minced the meat with papaya, saffron, and a blend of spices and made it so silky that it required no chewing.

But perhaps the biggest contribution of the cooks of Awadh was the slow-cook Dum pukht technique, where food is cooked on a low, slow heat, with the pot's lid tightly closed with dough.

More Than Just Famous Dishes

In addition to the obvious kebabs and biryani, the cooks also built up a vast array of dishes that included kormas (rich curries), sheermal (saffron-infused flatbread), and shahi tukda (a decadent bread pudding).

However, Lucknow is far more than kebabs and biryani – the region is additionally a vegetarian's paradise.

The local Baniya community's cuisine doesn't just showcases seasonal produce but also gives the city its meticulously prepared Indian desserts, sweets, and distinctive street food, like chaat – spicy fried snacks.

Fluffy dessert Makkhan Malai
The city offers distinctive seasonal delights, such as Makkhan Malai, a special airy dessert, when it gets cold.

Hidden Gems and Legacy Eateries

Virtually on every corner, there are tiny kiosks and stalls – little-known treasures that are extremely favored by the locals.

In the heart of the city of Hazratganj, throngs of people start assembling from early morning at a legendary tea stall to get a piping hot cup of milky masala chai, presented in kulhads, along with pillowy soft buns covered in freshly churned white butter.

To start the day, one can head to a unpretentious joint operating in the historic quarter of Aminabad. Nearly 150 years after it was set up, the place is still much sought-after for its hot kachoris (fried bread stuffed with lentils) and jalebis (crispy, syrup-soaked sweets).

Popular tea stall serving masala chai
A renowned tea stall is known for its creamy masala chai.

Preserving Tradition for the Future

The city also presents special treats of the season, such as makkhan malai, a airy dessert found in the winter. The technique of making it is intricate and complicated. The artisan whisks the milk and then sets it out at night, allowing the dew to give it its unique airy feel.

On cold mornings, street vendors can be seen in old city areas like Aminabad and Chowk. Many though say that their younger generation do not want to take up the craft.

A celebrity chef from Lucknow has frequently stated that the city's profound food legacy places it right on top of the Indian street food experience. The significant impact from the UNESCO recognition, it is believed, will occur only if Lucknow can now build recognition about its hidden eateries.

Every dish in Lucknow comes with a history – influenced by generational food businesses, from modest street carts to lively restaurants, and guarded family recipes.

The international acclaim, it is anticipated, will inspire more people worldwide to explore these narratives and travel to the city to delight in the food wonders of Lucknow.

Charles Ortiz
Charles Ortiz

A tech journalist and digital strategist with over a decade of experience covering emerging technologies and their impact on society.